Antifungal activity of salicylic acid against Penicillium expansum and its possible mechanisms of action

International Journal of Food Microbiology
Argus Cezar da Rocha NetoRobson Marcelo Di Piero

Abstract

Apple is a fruit widely produced and consumed around the world. Blue mold (Penicillium expansum) is one of the main postharvest diseases in apples, leading to a wide use of fungicides and the search for alternative products. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of salicylic acid (SA) against P. expansum, elucidating its mechanisms of action. The antimicrobial effect was determined by exposing conidia to a 2.5 mM SA solution for 0 to 120 min, followed by incubation. The effect of pH on the efficacy of SA against P. expansum was assessed both in vitro and in situ. The action mechanisms were investigated through fluorescence assays, measurement of protein leakage, lipid damage, and transmission electronic microscopy. SA was capable of inhibiting 90% of the fungal germination after 30 min, causing damage to the conidial plasma membrane and leading to protein leakage up to 3.2 μg of soluble protein per g of mycelium. The pH of the SA solution affected the antimicrobial activity of this secondary metabolite, which inhibited the germination of P. expansum and the blue mold incidence in apples in solutions with pH≤3 by 100%, gradually losing its activity at higher pH.

References

Jul 15, 2009·Micron : the International Research and Review Journal for Microscopy·Eder Carlos SchmidtZenilda Laurita Bouzon
Jun 18, 2010·Journal of Applied Microbiology·L CerioniL Rodríguez-Montelongo

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Citations

Jan 26, 2016·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Argus Cezar da Rocha NetoRobson Marcelo Di Piero
Aug 27, 2016·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Hassan RasouliReza Khodarahmi
Apr 11, 2017·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Susana RibesJose Manuel Barat
Jun 15, 2018·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Wenxiao JiaoWeibo Jiang
Feb 1, 2017·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Petra Zimmermann, Nigel Curtis
Sep 19, 2018·Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture·Samara MejriAlina Ghinet
Dec 21, 2019·Journal of Food Protection·Saúl Redondo-BlancoFelipe Lombó
Apr 17, 2020·The Journal of Dermatological Treatment·Lorena Rodríguez-LópezAna B Moldes
Nov 20, 2020·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Jian JuWeirong Yao
Jan 7, 2019·Food Chemistry·Argus Cezar da Rocha NetoEva Almenar
Apr 6, 2019·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Richard HammerlThomas Hofmann

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