Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of piperazinium- and guanidinium-based ionic liquids

Journal of Hazardous Materials
Jing YuWenjun Fang

Abstract

Twelve piperazinium- and guanidinium-based ionic liquids (ILs) were synthesized, and characterized by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity have been investigated to provide the information whether the newly synthesized ILs are toxic or not. The antimicrobial effects of these ILs on gram negative and gram positive bacteria are evaluated on the basis of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) measurements. The membrane damages of bacteria in the presence of ILs are observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cytotoxicity data of the ILs on HEK-293 and C6 cells are obtained by MTT cell viability assay. The disruption of cell cycle is analyzed by the flow cytometry. The results show that most of the ILs exhibit low toxicity, and the ILs with tetrafluoroborate anion and with benzene ring on cation are the species with relatively high toxicity among the studied ILs. The fundamental data and results can provide some useful information for the further studies and applications of the ILs.

References

Apr 8, 2011·Chemical Reviews·Jason P Hallett, Tom Welton
Aug 16, 2012·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Stephanie SteudteStefan Stolte
Aug 6, 2013·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Brezana PericStefan Stolte
Jul 12, 2014·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·Xiaoxing LuWenjun Fang

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Citations

Jan 27, 2017·Chemical Reviews·Ksenia S EgorovaValentine P Ananikov
Apr 11, 2017·ChemSusChem·Susana P F CostaM Lúcia M F S Saraiva
Oct 3, 2017·Natural Product Reports·Roberto G S BerlinckJulie P G Rodriguez
Sep 17, 2020·Biophysics Reviews·Pallavi KumariAntonio Benedetto
Apr 4, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Maya GunchevaEwa Janus
May 12, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Chul-Woong ChoYeoung-Sang Yun
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ana R P GonçalvesCarla S G P Queirós
Nov 24, 2021·Chemical Society Reviews·Penghao WeiBing Yan

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