Antimicrobial agents, triclosan, chloroxylenol, methylisothiazolinone and borax, used in cleaning had genotoxic and histopathologic effects on rainbow trout

Chemosphere
Erol CapkinI Altinok

Abstract

Triclosan (TRC), chloroxylenol (PCMX) and methylisothiazolinone (MIT) have been commonly used as an antimicrobial in soaps while borax (BRX) is used in household cleaning. After using these chemicals, they are washed down drains and getting into the aquatic ecosystem in which they may affect aquatic living organisms. In the present study, the chronic effects of TRC, PCMX, MIT and BRX on genotoxicity, gene expression and histopathology of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were evaluated for 40 days under semi static condition. The comet assay results indicated that MIT, TRC and PCMX caused significant DNA damage to erythrocytes of the fish. Transcription of SOD, GPX1, GPX2, GSTA, HSP90BB, HSP90BA, CAT, and HSC70A genes were significantly regulated as a result of TRC, PCMX, MIT, and BRX exposure except PCMX exposed GSTA gene. Histological lesions were detected in gills, spleen liver, and trunk kidney of the fish. Lamellar fusion, hyperplasia and epithelial necrosis in gills, melanomacrophage centers and splenic necrosis in spleen, pyknotic nucleus, fat vacuoles, necrotic hepatocytes in liver, cloudy swelling in the tubules, renal tubule epithelial cells degeneration, glomerular capillaries dilation and glomerulus degeneration i...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 17, 2018·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Jing FuBarry C Kelly
Feb 26, 2019·Microbes and Environments·Donggeon Choi, Seungdae Oh
Oct 10, 2019·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·B C MannC C Bezuidenhout
Jun 14, 2019·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Mohammad A Alfhili, Myon-Hee Lee
Jan 10, 2021·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Bilal Ahamad ParayMahmoud A O Dawood
Jun 21, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Seenivasan DeepikaPaulraj Jawahar
Jul 14, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Sunil SharmaArvinder Kaur
Jun 28, 2019·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·David Poger, Alan E Mark
Aug 28, 2021·Environmental Pollution·Saurav KumarChandra Bhushan Kumar

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