Antimicrobial Peptides: Amphibian Host Defense Peptides

Current Medicinal Chemistry
Jiří PatočkaKamil Kuča

Abstract

Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) are one of the most common components of the innate immune system that protect multicellular organisms against microbial invasion. The vast majority of AMPs are isolated from the frog skin. Anuran (frogs and toads) skin contains abundant AMPs that can be developed therapeutically. Such peptides are a unique but diverse group of molecules. In general, more than 50% of the amino acid residues form the hydrophobic part of the molecule. Normally, there are no conserved structural motifs responsible for activity, although the vast majority of the AMPs are cationic due to the presence of multiple lysine residues; this cationicity has a close relationship with antibacterial activity. Notably, recent evidence suggests that synthesis of AMPs in frog skin may confer an advantage on a particular species, although they are not essential for survival. Frog skin AMPs exert potent activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, protozoa, yeasts, and fungi by permeating and destroying the plasma membrane and inactivating intracellular targets. Importantly, since they do not bind to a specific receptor, AMPs are less likely to induce resistance mechanisms. Currently, the best known amphibian AMPs are esculentins, b...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 28, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Tariku Tesfaye EdosaYeon Soo Han
Nov 11, 2018·Toxins·Qinghua WuKamil Kuča
Nov 15, 2020·Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents·Giannamaria Annunziato, Gabriele Costantino
Dec 4, 2019·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Biomembranes·Erum MalikSarah R Dennison
Nov 8, 2020·Antibiotics·Maria Luisa Mangoni, Bruno Casciaro
Feb 3, 2021·Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry : RCM·Tatiana Y SamginaAlbert T Lebedev
Jul 2, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Antonio MorettaPatrizia Falabella
Jul 6, 2021·Frontiers in Chemistry·Tanumoy SarkarSunanda Chatterjee
Aug 19, 2021·Macromolecular Bioscience·Fengze MiaoQuangang Zhu
Dec 7, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Shyla GopalakrishnanTessy Thomas Maliekal
Mar 30, 2021·The FEBS Journal·Ruth Steinberg, Hans-Georg Koch

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