Antioxidant roles of heme oxygenase, carbon monoxide, and bilirubin in cerebral circulation during seizures.

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
Helena ParfenovaAlexander L Fedinec

Abstract

Postictal cerebrovascular dysfunction is an adverse effect of seizures in newborn piglets. The brain heme oxygenase (HO) provides protection against cerebrovascular dysfunction. We investigated the contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to seizure-induced vascular damage and the mechanism of HO vasoprotection. In a bicuculline model of seizures, we addressed the hypotheses: (1) seizures increase brain ROS; (2) ROS contribute to cerebral vascular dysfunction; (3) ROS initiate a vasoprotective mechanisms by activating endogenous HO; and (4) HO products have antioxidant properties. As assessed by dihydroethidium oxidation (ox-DHE), seizures increased ROS in cerebral vessels and cortical astrocytes; ox-DHE elevation was prevented by tiron and apocynin. An HO inhibitor, tin protoporphyrin, potentiated, whereas an HO-1 inducer, cobalt protoporphyrin, blocked seizure-induced increase in DHE oxidation. Heme oxygenase products carbon monoxide (CO) (CORM-A1) and bilirubin attenuated ox-DHE elevation during seizures. Antioxidants tiron and bilirubin prevented the loss of postictal cerebrovascular dilations to bradykinin, glutamate, and sodium nitroprusside. Tiron and apocynin abrogated activation of the brain HO during seizures. Ov...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
fluorescence microscopy
fluorescence
differential filtration
fluorescence spectroscopy

Software Mentioned

IPLab Spectrum
ARRIVE

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