PMID: 9431948Feb 12, 1998Paper

Antitoxin-in-membrane and antitoxin-in-well assays for detection of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
D J ReinhardtT Popovic

Abstract

The Elek culture plate precipitin test is routinely used for the detection of exotoxin from toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Recently, the World Health Organization standardized this test to ensure accuracy, reliability, and reproducibility. In this study, we further modified the standard Elek test by using the antitoxin-in-membrane (AIM) and antitoxin-in-well (AIW) approaches. In the AIM tests, each strain was stabbed and streaked backwards and away from a point approximately 7 mm from the edge of a sterile cellulose acetate-cellulose nitrate filter membrane disk (pore size, 0.45 microm; diameter, 25 mm) containing 25 IU of diphtheria antitoxin. For AIW tests, a central well (diameter, 5 mm) containing 9 microl of antitoxin (4.5 IU) was surrounded by eight equidistant stab-streaks of each strain placed 10 mm from the well. In both methods, precipitin bands of identity typically were noted after 24- and 48-h incubations at 37 degrees C. Both toxigenic and weak toxigenic strains gave clear and reproducible results. Compared with the standard Elek test, the AIM and AIW tests each use 50% less medium and 75 and 87% less antitoxin, respectively. AIM has the potential to test up to 14 isolates and AIW has the potent...Continue Reading

References

Feb 1, 1995·European Journal of Epidemiology·A M GalazkaG P Oblapenko
Nov 1, 1996·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·T PopovicJ D Wenger
Nov 1, 1949·Journal of Clinical Pathology·S D ELEK
Mar 13, 1948·British Medical Journal·S D ELEK

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Citations

Feb 5, 2000·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·A EfstratiouT Popovic
Jun 5, 2003·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Akio HatanakaMotohide Takahashi
Sep 17, 2011·Journal of Medical Microbiology·Chihiro KatsukawaMotohide Takahashi
Feb 9, 2016·Microbiology and Immunology·Chihiro KatsukawaMasaaki Iwaki

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