Antiviral effects of mulberry (Morus alba) juice and its fractions on foodborne viral surrogates

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease
Ji-Hye LeeMi Sook Chung

Abstract

Norovirus infection is a major cause of nonbacterial foodborne outbreaks worldwide, but no specific treatments are available yet. In this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of mulberry (Morus alba, Ma) juice and its fractions on murine norovirus-1 (MNV-1) and feline calicivirus-F9 (FCV-F9) as human norovirus surrogates using cytopathic effect inhibition, plaque reduction, and RNA expression assays. In time-of-addition experiments, Ma juice was found to be effective in reducing the infectivity of MNV-1 and FCV-F9 in the pre- and co-treatments. The effective concentration for 50% reduction was approximately 0.005% juice (relative to 100% natural juice) and 0.25% juice for MNV-1 and FCV-F9, respectively. Ma juice at 0.1% exhibited about 60% reduction of the MNV-1 polymerase gene expression, confirming the inhibition of viral replication. In an attempt to identify active components with antiviral activities, Ma-F1 (<3 kDa) and Ma-F2 (>3 kDa) were examined to show that Ma-F2 was more effective than Ma-F1 in all modes, except for pre-virus treatment. Nevertheless, two major polyphenolic compounds of Ma juice, cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside, showed antiviral activity in the co-treatment mode. Our results sug...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 18, 2016·Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry·Ji-Hye LeeKyung Hyun Kim
Nov 21, 2014·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Seungbo RyuMoon Jung Song
Aug 8, 2015·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Alisson Macário de OliveiraThiago Henrique Napoleão
Oct 19, 2016·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Shao-Ru ChenYing Wang
Jul 27, 2018·Plant Signaling & Behavior·K H Dhanyalakshmi, K N Nataraja
Jul 28, 2020·Foodborne Pathogens and Disease·Hyojin KimMi Sook Chung
Dec 6, 2018·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Hyojin Kim, Mi Sook Chung
May 26, 2020·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Maede HasanpourMehrdad Iranshahi
Jun 3, 2021·Viruses·Maria Musarra-PizzoMaria Teresa Sciortino
Jul 6, 2021·Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences·Bisma JanSayeed Ahmad
Aug 8, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Jolanta SarowskaIrena Choroszy-Król

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

SPSS

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