Anxiety and depression affect pain drawings in cervical degenerative disc disease

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences
Anna MacDowallClaes Olerud

Abstract

Pain drawings have been frequently used in the preoperative evaluation of spine patients. Until now most investigations have focused on low back pain patients, even though pain drawings are used in neck pain patients as well. The aims of this study were to investigate the pain drawing and its association to preoperative demographics, psychological impairment, and pain intensity. We carried out a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial, comparing cervical disc replacement to fusion for radiculopathy related to degenerative disc disease. Preoperatively the patients completed a pain drawing, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and a visual analogue scale (VAS). The pain drawing was evaluated according to four established methods, now modified for cervical conditions. Comparisons were made between the pain drawing and age, sex, smoking, and employment status as well as HADS and VAS. Included were 151 patients, mean age of 47 years, female/male: 78/73. Pain drawing results were not affected by age, sex, smoking, and employment status. Patients with non-neurogenic pain drawings according to the modified method by Ransford had higher points on HADS-anxiety, HADS-depression, and HADS-total. Patients with markin...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 22, 2020·Pain Practice : the Official Journal of World Institute of Pain·Leticia Amaral CorrêaLeandro Alberto Calazans Nogueira
Jul 19, 2017·Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences·Anna MacDowallClaes Olerud
Dec 31, 2020·Psychology Research and Behavior Management·Ana Rita Pinheiro BarcessatArianna Rinaldi

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