Apical Constriction Reversal upon Mitotic Entry Underlies Different Morphogenetic Outcomes of Cell Division

Molecular Biology of the Cell
Clint S KoAdam C Martin

Abstract

During development, coordinated cell shape changes and cell divisions sculpt tissues. While these individual cell behaviors have been extensively studied, how cell shape changes and cell divisions that occur concurrently in epithelia influence tissue shape is less understood. We addressed this question in two contexts of the early Drosophila embryo: premature cell division during mesoderm invagination, and native ectodermal cell divisions with ectopic activation of apical contractility. Using quantitative live-cell imaging, we demonstrated that mitotic entry reverses apical contractility by interfering with medioapical RhoA signaling. While premature mitotic entry inhibits mesoderm invagination, which relies on apical constriction, mitotic entry in an artificially contractile ectoderm induced ectopic tissue invaginations. Ectopic invaginations resulted from medioapical myosin loss in neighboring mitotic cells. This myosin loss enabled nonmitotic cells to apically constrict through mitotic cell stretching. Thus, the spatial pattern of mitotic entry can differentially regulate tissue shape through signal interference between apical contractility and mitosis.

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Citations

May 26, 2021·Current Biology : CB·D Nathaniel Clarke, Adam C Martin
Jun 17, 2021·The Journal of Cell Biology·Vivek K GuptaOvijit Chaudhuri
Nov 2, 2021·Cell Cycle·Evangéline Despin-Guitard, Isabelle Migeotte

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
GTPase
nucleotide exchange

Software Mentioned

MathWorks
EDGE
Zen
MATLAB
EDGE Explorer

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