Apigenin induces apoptosis and blocks growth of medroxyprogesterone acetate-dependent BT-474 xenograft tumors.

Hormones & Cancer
Benford MafuvadzeSalman M Hyder

Abstract

Recent clinical and epidemiological evidence shows that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) containing both estrogen and progestin increases the risk of primary and metastatic breast cancer in post-menopausal women while HRT containing only estrogen does not. We and others previously showed that progestins promote the growth of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we sought to determine whether apigenin, a low molecular weight anti-carcinogenic flavonoid, inhibits the growth of aggressive Her2/neu-positive BT-474 xenograft tumors in nude mice exposed to medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), the most commonly used progestin in the USA. Our data clearly show that apigenin (50 mg/kg) inhibits progression and development of these xenograft tumors by inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, and reducing expression of Her2/neu. Moreover, apigenin reduced levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) without altering blood vessel density, indicating that continued expression of VEGF may be required to promote tumor cell survival and maintain blood flow. While previous studies showed that MPA induces receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) expression in rodent mammary gland, MPA ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 10, 2013·Hormones & Cancer·Steven K NordeenTwila A Jackson
Mar 27, 2016·Seminars in Cancer Biology·Min Ji BakNanjoo Suh
Jan 21, 2014·Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology·Hollie I SwansonJoseph Valentino
Nov 12, 2016·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Monica MarzagalliPatrizia Limonta
Jan 6, 2017·Journal of Cancer Prevention·Bokyung SungNam Deuk Kim
Feb 6, 2018·Current Pharmacology Reports·Eswar ShankarSanjay Gupta
Feb 15, 2018·Virology Journal·Ana Carolina Gomes JardimMark Harris
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Apr 19, 2019·Antioxidants·Meenakshi SudhakaranAndrea I Doseff
Feb 28, 2014·International Journal of Molecular Medicine·Woon-Won Jung
Apr 20, 2020·Medical Hypotheses·Mark F McCartyLidianys Lewis Lujan

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