PMID: 8949596Sep 1, 1996Paper

Apneustic breathing provoked by limbic influences

Postgraduate Medical Journal
J StewartR W Russell

Abstract

We describe a 64-year-old man with cerebrovascular disease who had an acute stroke characterised by pseudobulbar palsy, facial weakness, and pyramidal signs. He developed frequent emotional outbursts followed by periods of apneusis. Between these episodes he breathed with a regular and unvarying rate and tidal volume. Autopsy showed extensive cortical, subcortical and pontine infarction. The respiratory pattern indicated a dissociation between voluntary and automatic pathways. The descending limbic pathways were preserved but an abnormal pattern of automatic breathing (ie, apneusis) occurred because of the presence of bilateral pontine infarction.

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Citations

Dec 9, 2003·Trends in Molecular Medicine·Diethelm W RichterEvgeni Ponimaskin
Oct 26, 2001·Postgraduate Medical Journal·R S HowardA J Williams
Oct 28, 2010·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Till ManzkeDiethelm W Richter
May 19, 2012·Case Reports in Anesthesiology·Nicholas Marcanthony, Ehab Farag
May 15, 2002·Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology·Jiro OnizukaYuji Wada

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