Apomorphine enantiomers protect cultured pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells from oxidative stress induced by H2O2 and 6-hydroxydopamine

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
M GassenM B Youdim

Abstract

A significant body of evidence has been provided to support the hypothesis that oxidant stress may be responsible for the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta in Parkinson's disease. Apomorphine, a dopamine D1/D2-receptor agonist in the clinical therapy of Parkinson's disease, has been found to be a potent antioxidant and to prevent free radical reaction in rat brain mitochondrial fraction. In this article we show that 1-10 microM of apomorphine protects rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells from the toxic effects of H2O2 (0.6 mM) and the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (150 microM). These effects were not exhibited by ascorbic acid, desferal, lisuride, or bromocriptine. Although pergolide exhibited some protection of PC12 cells against H2O2 toxicity, it was not as potent as apomorphine. In light of the present findings and the clinical reports that parkinsonian patients on long-term apomorphine stabilize clinically and can be weaned off L-dopa, one may assume that apomorphine can exert a neuroprotective activity via its potent antioxidant properties.

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Citations

Aug 6, 1999·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·E GrünblattM B Youdim
Dec 19, 2001·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·Guangjun NieBaolu Zhao
Jun 22, 2006·Neurotoxicity Research·M F BealT Archer
Jun 22, 2006·Neurotoxicity Research·M GerlachP Riederer
Jun 1, 2006·Journal of Neural Transmission·M B H YoudimS Mandel
Nov 24, 1998·Biochemical Pharmacology·M GassenM B Youdim
Jul 5, 2003·Neuropharmacology·Carla PardiniGiovanni U Corsini
Jun 3, 1999·Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research·A WoodgateM Dragunow
Jun 14, 2000·Progress in Neurobiology·G YadidI Gispan
Sep 5, 2003·Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy·Jane A FosterRobert A Levine
Oct 12, 2001·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·E Méndez-AlvarezJ L Labandeira-García
Aug 28, 2003·Journal of Anti-aging Medicine·Marios Kyriazis
Jul 23, 2003·CNS Drugs·Silvia MandelMoussa B H Youdim
Dec 14, 2002·Lancet·C E Clarke, M Guttman
Jun 29, 2000·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·M OhtaS Kuno
Nov 20, 2003·Brain Research·José Cláudio F MoreiraJoão Antonio Pêgas Henriques
Mar 17, 2007·Free Radical Research·Dimitrios StagosDemetrios Kouretas
Jan 9, 2003·Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry·K G UsunoffE Marani
Dec 17, 2003·Journal of Neurochemistry·Francesco FornaiAntonio Paparelli
Feb 9, 2006·Journal of Neurochemistry·Mahmoud M IravaniAnthony H Schapira
Aug 19, 2007·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·Rukmini Menon, Mark Stacy
Jun 18, 2005·Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Médicas E Biológicas·J N PicadaJ A P Henriques
Dec 23, 2008·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Kai-Yin ChauAnthony H V Schapira
Feb 9, 2002·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Petr KanovskýVladimír Znojil
Apr 1, 2003·Annals of Neurology·Anthony H V Schapira, C Warren Olanow
Jan 5, 2008·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Anthony H V Schapira
Jun 23, 2001·Drugs & Aging·W D Le, J Jankovic
Mar 11, 2003·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Orly WeinrebMoussa B H Youdim
Apr 3, 2003·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Yona LevitesMoussa B H Youdim

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