Apoptosis in a rodent model of cranial suture fusion: in situ imaging and gene expression analysis

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Kenton D FongMichael T Longaker

Abstract

Craniosynostosis, the premature fusion of cranial sutures, is one of the most common craniofacial anomalies, with a reported incidence of up to one in 2500 live births. Despite its prevalence, the cause of craniosynostosis remains unknown. Previously, apoptosis has been postulated to be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of craniosynostosis, although the role of programmed cell death in cranial sutures is poorly understood. To address this problem, the authors used an established rodent model of posterior-frontal suture fusion and sagittal suture patency to globally examine apoptosis in cranial sutures. Apoptosis was evaluated by systemically coinjecting Sprague-Dawley rats with both fluorescent and technetium-99m-labeled annexin V at time points before, during, and after the period of predicted posterior-frontal suture fusion to determine the magnitude and time course of overall apoptotic activity in both fusing and patent sutures. Using these novel in situ imaging techniques, the authors observed a significant increase in the overall levels of apoptosis in both the posterior-frontal and sagittal suture complexes during the period of predicted posterior-frontal suture fusion. To further explore this increase in apoptoti...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 26, 2007·Clinical Genetics·G R HandriganJ M Richman
Jan 8, 2005·Clinics in Plastic Surgery·Randall P NacamuliMichael T Longaker
Oct 3, 2015·PloS One·Emily DurhamJames Cray
Jul 16, 2008·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Matthew D KwanMichael T Longaker
Oct 12, 2005·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Randall P NacamuliMichael T Longaker

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis