Application of CAR T cells for the treatment of solid tumors

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
Jonathan F KhanRenier J Brentjens

Abstract

CAR T cell therapy of cancers promises to revolutionize oncology by harnessing the powers of synthetic biology and immunotherapy in a single agent. CARs are synthetic receptors composed of an extracellular antigen binding domain and one or more intracellular signaling domains which act in concert to activate the T cell upon antigen recognition. CARs targeting B cell associated CD19 demonstrated robust in vivo cytolytic activity, expansion, and persistence upon antigen exposure paving the way for clinical application of this technology and ultimately FDA approval for pediatric and young adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia as well as patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma. However, these successes have not yet been replicated in the arena of solid tumors. Unlike hematologic malignancies, solid tumors present numerous challenges in the form of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this chapter, we will highlight clinical application of CAR T cells in solid tumors, discuss hurdles that have impeded CAR T cell function in these malignancies, and propose methods to overcome these limitations.

Citations

Aug 28, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Zachary JacksonJane S Reese
Jan 27, 2021·Stem Cell Research & Therapy·Faroogh MarofiFarhad Motavalli Khiavi
Jun 8, 2021·Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B·Hassan DanaThomas J Webster

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