Application of in vitro human skin models to dermal irritancy: a brief overview and future prospects

Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA
J N Lawrence

Abstract

The assessment of skin irritation potential represents an important component of the overall safety evaluation programme for new and existing chemicals, which is predominantly performed in laboratory animal studies. These in vivo skin irritancy tests have been subjected to much scientific condemnation with respect to their relevance to human risk assessment. The application of in vitro models in the initial assessment of skin irritation potential is regarded as desirable by the scientific community, but the development of such tests on a mechanistic basis is an important requirement with respect to validation of in vitro tests. The approach adopted in this paper is based on the hypothesis that a cellular insult and subsequent release of inflammatory mediators from the epidermal keratinocyte is a key initiating event in the development of an epidermal inflammatory response following exposure to an irritant. This reversible inflammatory response is mechanistically distinct from a corrosive lesion resulting from the direct physicochemical interaction of a chemical with the stratum corneum. The potential of a chemical to elicit a corrosive response can be successfully predicted by in vitro systems using appropriate endpoints. The s...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 25, 2000·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·J K LeeP Y Kim
Nov 9, 2002·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·K SugibayashiT Ishibashi
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Feb 5, 2014·Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology·Yuri G Anissimov
Nov 12, 2013·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·A MilesP Spring

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