Applications of aptamers as sensors

Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry
Eun Jeong ChoA D Ellington

Abstract

Aptamers are ligand-binding nucleic acids whose affinities and selectivities can rival those of antibodies. They have been adapted to analytical applications not only as alternatives to antibodies, but as unique reagents in their own right. In particular, aptamers can be readily site-specifically modified during chemical or enzymatic synthesis to incorporate particular reporters, linkers, or other moieties. Also, aptamer secondary structures can be engineered to undergo analyte-dependent conformational changes, which, in concert with the ability to specifically place chemical agents, opens up a wealth of possible signal transduction schemas, irrespective of whether the detection modality is optical, electrochemical, or mass based. Finally, because aptamers are nucleic acids, they are readily adapted to sequence- (and hence signal-) amplification methods. However, application of aptamers without a basic knowledge of their biochemistry or technical requirements can cause serious analytical difficulties.

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
fluorescence resonance
FRET
biosensor
sandwich assay
antisense oligonucleotide
biosensors
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
surface
quartz crystal microbalance
chip

Software Mentioned

Scifinder

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