Applied horizontal force increases impact loading in reduced-gravity running

Journal of Biomechanics
Y H ChangRodger Kram

Abstract

The chronic exposure of astronauts to microgravity results in structural degradation of their lower limb bones. Currently, no effective exercise countermeasure exists. On Earth, the impact loading that occurs with regular locomotion is associated with the maintenance of bone's structural integrity, but impact loads are rarely experienced in space. Accurately mimicking Earth-like impact loads in a reduced-gravity environment should help to reduce the degradation of bone caused by weightlessness. We previously showed that running with externally applied horizontal forces (AHF) in the anterior direction qualitatively simulates the high-impact loading associated with downhill running on Earth. We hypothesized that running with AHF at simulated reduced gravity would produce impact loads equal to or greater than values experienced during normal running at Earth gravity. With an AHF of 20% of gravity-specific body weight at all gravity levels, impact force peaks increased 74%, average impact loading rates increased 46%, and maximum impact loading rates increased 89% compared to running without any AHF. In contrast, AHF did not substantially affect active force peaks. Duty factor and stride frequency decreased modestly with AHF at all ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 26, 2010·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·Kai-Jung Chi, V Louise Roth
Aug 19, 2007·Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation·Max J Kurz, Nicholas Stergiou
Sep 23, 2008·Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation·Anastasia KyvelidouNicholas Stergiou
Jun 30, 2012·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Sascha Kratky, Erich Müller
Dec 15, 2006·Perceptual and Motor Skills·Duane MillslagleNicholas Matack
Nov 10, 2006·Journal of Biomechanics·Amir Abbas ZadpoorAhmad Reza Arshi
May 26, 2006·Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology : Official Journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology·Ruth S Ochia, Peter R Cavanagh
Jun 1, 2005·Journal of Biomechanics·Kai-Jung Chi, Daniel Schmitt
Dec 16, 2016·PloS One·Owen N BeckAlena M Grabowski
Oct 10, 2008·Journal of Applied Biomechanics·Alena M Grabowski, Rodger Kram
Sep 2, 2017·Frontiers in Physiology·Charlotte RichterTobias Weber
Aug 8, 2019·Journal of Biomechanics·Wei-Han ChenTzyy-Yuang Shiang

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