Aquaporin 4-Mediated Glutamate-Induced Astrocyte Swelling Is Partially Mediated through Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Activation

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Zhongfang ShiFang Yuan

Abstract

Astrocytes are one of the most abundant cell types in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), and astrocyte swelling is the primary event associated with brain edema. Glutamate, the principal excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter in the CNS, is released at high levels after brain injury including cerebral ischemia. This leads to astrocyte swelling, which we previously demonstrated is related to metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) activation. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4), the predominant water channel in the brain, is expressed in astrocyte endfeet and plays an important role in brain edema following ischemia. Studies recently showed that mGluR5 is also expressed on astrocytes. Therefore, it is worth investigating whether AQP4 mediates the glutamate-induced swelling of astrocytes via mGluR5. In the present study, we found that 1 mM glutamate induced astrocyte swelling, quantified by the cell perimeter, but it had no effect on astrocyte viability measured by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that AQP4, among AQP1, 4, 5, 9 and 11, was the main molecular expressed in cultured astrocytes. Glutamate-induced cell swellin...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 14, 2018·Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience·Md JakariaDong-Kug Choi
Jan 18, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Audrey D Lafrenaye, J Marc Simard

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transfection
reverse transcription PCR
PCR
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
Image Pro Plus
SPSS

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