Arachidonic acid cascade and platelet-activating factor in the network of eye inflammatory mediators: therapeutic implications in uveitis

International Ophthalmology
N G Bazan Belfort R Júnior

Abstract

The cellular and biochemical events triggered by uveitis involve a complex array of cells and a heterogeneous network of mediators of intraocular inflammation. Resident cells are activated and inflammatory cells are recruited. Chemical mediators from the arachidonic acid cascade, prostaglandins, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, and leukotrienes, are formed. Several of these metabolites are modulators of cellular functions, but when generated in sustained, excessive amounts, they contribute to enhanced vascular permeability and to the onset of pathophysiological responses. Another very active membrane-derived mediator is platelet-activating factor. This important mediator of immune and inflammatory responses may play a central role in uveitis due to cell priming, since interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, and other as yet unidentified mediators are also being generated. The concomitant accumulation of these networks of mediators in various parts of the uveal tract leads to spreading of the intraocular inflammatory response and cellular damage. At both early and late stages of uveitis, the generation of free radicals is also a major contributor to the impairment of function. Free radicals are generated in two distinct sites: in th...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1977·Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research·Y FlomanU Zor
May 28, 1977·British Medical Journal·B D Williams, T Lehner
Jul 1, 1977·American Journal of Ophthalmology·J P DernouchampsP L Masson
Oct 1, 1987·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·P D GautheronM F Sugrue
May 1, 1986·Archives of Ophthalmology·J A ParkerM H Friedlaender
Aug 1, 1987·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A KepplerS Hammarström
Oct 25, 1972·Nature: New Biology·K E EakinsW G Unger
Mar 1, 1973·Archives of Ophthalmology·M J HoganW A Godfrey
Aug 19, 1972·British Medical Journal·K E EakinsA C Martenet
Jul 15, 1984·American Journal of Ophthalmology·M Toledo de AbreuM A Scheinberg
Nov 1, 1982·The American Journal of Medicine·S GottleibF R Singer
Jan 1, 1984·Current Eye Research·T W Sery, R Petrillo
Jan 1, 1984·Acta Ophthalmologica. Supplement·E Bloch-Michel
Aug 1, 1984·Archives of Ophthalmology·R C Arffa, T F Schlaegel
Feb 1, 1981·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·D L EastyA Funk
Mar 1, 1982·Archives of Ophthalmology·R BelfortN F Mendes
Apr 1, 1982·Archives of Ophthalmology·H J KaplanR H Keller
Jun 1, 1981·Archives of Ophthalmology·R B NussenblattW B Wacker
Feb 1, 1980·American Journal of Ophthalmology·R B NussenblattW B Wacker

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 1, 1997·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·F H GrusJ Lutz
Aug 12, 2009·Clinical Ophthalmology·Seenu M HariprasadWilliam F Mieler
Jan 1, 1992·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·G S WuN A Rao
Feb 17, 2015·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Soumendra SahooN S Nair
Jun 6, 2006·Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry·G McMahonC J Unkefer
Oct 28, 1998·Environmental Health Perspectives·F J RomeroJ Romá
Jun 15, 2020·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids·Toshiaki HirakataTakehiko Yokomizo
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Tomoshige KinoJames H Segars

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

British Journal of Hospital Medicine
W J Dinning
Bericht über die Zusammenkunft
Transactions of the Ophthalmological Societies of the United Kingdom
A E Maumenee
Pediatrics in Review
D M Siegel
Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række
E G Olsen
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved