Are vitamin D receptor polymorphisms associated with bone mineral density? A meta-analysis

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
G S Cooper, D M Umbach

Abstract

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms have been strongly associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in some studies but not in others. We used a meta-analytic approach to assess quantitatively the association between VDR and BMD and to examine the influence of specific study characteristics (e.g., skeletal site, mean age of subjects, menopausal status) on the reported results. Sixteen papers published in peer-reviewed journals through July 1996 were included. We calculated the mean difference, percent difference, and effect size (mean difference divided by standard deviation), comparing BMD between homozygous genotypes. At the hip, BMD in the BB genotype was lower than in the bb genotype (mean difference, -0.02 g/cm2; percent difference, -2.4% and effect size -0.18; p = 0.032). At the spine, the mean difference was -0.03 g/cm2; percent difference, -2.5%; and effect size, -0.19; p = 0.062. At the distal radius, the VDR effect was estimated as the mean difference, -0.01 g/cm2; percent difference, -1.7%; and effect size, -0.16; p = 0.078. The spine measurements exhibited the greatest between- and within-study variability. The difference in hip BMD between genotypes was larger (i.e., a more negative number) among the younger women...Continue Reading

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