Arsenic Exposure Increases Monocyte Adhesion to the Vascular Endothelium, a Pro-Atherogenic Mechanism

PloS One
Maryse LemaireKoren K Mann

Abstract

Epidemiological studies have shown that arsenic exposure increases atherosclerosis, but the mechanisms underlying this relationship are unknown. Monocytes, macrophages and platelets play an important role in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Circulating monocytes and macrophages bind to the activated vascular endothelium and migrate into the sub-endothelium, where they become lipid-laden foam cells. This process can be facilitated by platelets, which favour monocyte recruitment to the lesion. Thus, we assessed the effects of low-to-moderate arsenic exposure on monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells, platelet activation and platelet-monocyte interactions. We observed that arsenic induces human monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in vitro. These findings were confirmed ex vivo using a murine organ culture system at concentrations as low as 10 ppb. We found that both cell types need to be exposed to arsenic to maximize monocyte adhesion to the endothelium. This adhesion process is specific to monocyte/endothelium interactions. Hence, no effect of arsenic on platelet activation or platelet/leukocyte interaction was observed. We found that arsenic increases adhesion of mononuclear cells via increased CD29 binding to VCAM-1, an a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 18, 2016·Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology·Yongfu ZhangXiaodong Fu
Mar 10, 2016·Current Opinion in Lipidology·Oren Rom, Michael Aviram
Apr 15, 2017·Environmental Research·Shohreh F FarzanMargaret R Karagas
Feb 19, 2020·Journal of the American Heart Association·Marisa H SobelAna Navas-Acien
Jul 13, 2021·Reviews on Environmental Health·Christiana KarachaliouIoannis Kalavrouziotis

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry
FCS
flow-cytometry

Software Mentioned

FCS express
Infinity Capture
Image J
ImageJ
FlowJo
GraphPad Instat

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