Abstract
New antiviral agents are urgently needed. Based on in vitro studies, arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃) seems to affect viral replication, although this has been studied only marginally in vivo. In this study the replication of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) was studied in Balb/c mice administered 1 mg As₂O₃/kg bw once daily during 7 days of infection and in Vero cells exposed for 3 or 5 days to 0.4, 2 or 4 μM As₂O₃. Viral RNA was measured by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) (in vitro and in vivo) and arsenic concentration was measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (in vivo). In vivo, As₂O₃ decreased viral RNA in the brain on days 3 (by 81%; p < 0.05) and 7 (by 97%; p < 0.01) and in the pancreas on day 7 (by 75%; p < 0.05), two of the target organs of this infection. The results were confirmed in vitro, where As₂O₃ dose-dependently reduced viral RNA, with the effect being more pronounced in the surrounding culture medium than inside the infected cells, indicating an impaired virion release. Thus, As₂O₃ reduced CVB3 replication both in vitro and in vivo, indicating that As₂O₃ is a viable option in the pursuit of new therapeutic agents against viral infections.
References
May 1, 1990·Virology·J L LatheyJ A Nelson
Jun 1, 1990·APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica·J FohlmanS Huber
May 1, 1995·Veterinary Microbiology·S L Cosby, B Brankin
Feb 13, 2001·Journal of Virology·J BurkhamS K Weller
Feb 15, 2001·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·H A RotbartUNKNOWN Pleconaril Treatment Registry Group
Aug 15, 2001·The British Journal of Nutrition·T A StrandH Sommerfelt
Oct 4, 2002·Microbes and Infection·Jeremy S Brown, David W Holden
Feb 27, 2003·Pancreas·Nils-Gunnar IlbäckGöran Friman
Apr 30, 2003·Biological Trace Element Research·Nils-Gunnar IlbäckGöran Friman
Oct 14, 1961·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·D N PLANTEROSE
May 6, 2004·Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology·Nahla MohamedJonas Blomberg
Jul 27, 2004·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Der-Ren HwangChau-Ting Yeh
Apr 7, 2005·Intervirology·Mi Sun MoonYoo Kyum Kim
Aug 11, 2005·Journal of Medical Microbiology·V Moya-SuriR Mentel
Jan 28, 2006·Journal of Virology·Sarah SebastianJeremy Luban
Mar 4, 2006·Blood·Chung-Wah SiuHung-Fat Tse
Mar 24, 2006·Blood·Wing-Yan AuYok-Lam Kwong
Jul 25, 2006·Virology·Allen D Smith, Harry Dawson
Jan 3, 2007·Drug Discovery Today·William M Pardridge
Jul 13, 2007·Cancer Treatment Reviews·Pierre J Dilda, Philip J Hogg
Aug 23, 2007·Biometals : an International Journal on the Role of Metal Ions in Biology, Biochemistry, and Medicine·Marie EdvinssonNils-Gunnar Ilbäck
Sep 27, 2007·Pancreas·Peter FriskNils-Gunnar Ilbäck
Oct 16, 2007·Journal of Medical Virology·A ElfaitouriJ Blomberg
Apr 17, 2008·Environmental Health Perspectives·Jennifer J AdibiRuss Hauser
Aug 12, 2008·Anti-cancer Drugs·Ylva MolinNils-Gunnar Ilbäck
Oct 7, 2008·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Parisa KalantariK Sandeep Prabhu
Dec 26, 2008·Journal of Virology·Misao KurokiNobuyuki Kato
Sep 15, 2009·Environmental Health Perspectives·Courtney D KozulJoshua W Hamilton