Artificial liver. Evolution and future perspectives

ASAIO Journal : a Peer-reviewed Journal of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs
J Rozga, A A Demetriou

Abstract

Whole organ transplantation is the only clinically effective method of treating fulminant hepatic failure and chronic liver failure due to specific genetic, hepatocellular, and anatomic defects of liver function. However, wider application of liver transplantation is limited by shortage of organ donors, high cost, a relatively high morbidity rate, and need for life long immunotherapy. As a result, investigators have attempted to develop alternative methods to treat liver insufficiency. These ranged from use of plasma exchange to use of detoxification columns and extracorporeal devices loaded with various liver tissue preparations. Several liver support systems were developed in the 1950s and 1960s, but it was not until recently that advances in hepatocyte isolation and culture, improved understanding of hepatocyte-matrix interactions, availability of new biomaterials, improved hollow fiber technology, and better understanding of flow and mass transport across semipermeable membranes resulted in the development of a new generation of liver assist devices. Some of these devices are being tested in the clinical setting. In this article, the authors review past experience with liver support systems, critically examine the current s...Continue Reading

Citations

Sep 12, 2000·Current Gastroenterology Reports·P Rosenthal
Mar 12, 1999·The Surgical Clinics of North America·A O ShakilD J Kramer
Mar 13, 2014·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Mohammad R EbrahimkhaniLinda G Griffith
Aug 6, 2000·Artificial Cells, Blood Substitutes, and Immobilization Biotechnology·Q ShiY T Yu
Sep 6, 2003·ANZ Journal of Surgery·Fiona G CourtGuy J Maddern
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Sep 15, 2001·Journal of Biomaterials Science. Polymer Edition·N KrastevaG Altankov
Jan 31, 2002·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·X F ZhuJ F Huang

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