Ascorbic acid differentially modulates the induction of heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and glutathione S-transferase Ya by As(3+), Cd(2+) and Cr(6+)

Cancer Letters
Reem H ElbekaiAyman O S El-Kadi

Abstract

The induction of phase II drug metabolizing enzymes serves as a detoxification mechanism for many mutagens, carcinogens and other toxic compounds. Specifically, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1) and glutathione S-transferase Ya subunit (Gst ya) are key enzymes involved in cellular defense against reactive forms of oxygen and the inhibition of carcinogenesis. As(3+), which induces these enzymes, has been proven to have a role in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Ascorbic acid (AA) potentiates the anticancer effect of As(3+) and thus it is expected that this antioxidant will have a paradoxical effect on the ability of heavy metals, specifically As(3+), to induce Nqo1 and Gst ya. We have shown that As(3+) and Cd(2+) induce heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Nqo1 and Gst ya mRNA levels but Cr(6+) decreases Nqo1 and Gst ya mRNA. Surprisingly, AA superinduced the induction of HO-1, Nqo1 and Gst ya mRNA by As(3+), while inhibiting the induction of HO-1 mRNA by Cd(2+) and Cr(6+). Hence, it is tempting to speculate that AA may potentiate the therapeutic efficacy of As(3+) by enhancing the expression of HO-1, Nqo1, and Gst ya while acting as a potent antioxidant.

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Citations

Aug 5, 2011·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Gladys BlockNina Holland
Sep 17, 2010·Biometals : an International Journal on the Role of Metal Ions in Biology, Biochemistry, and Medicine·Weiti CuiWenbiao Shen
Feb 15, 2013·Toxicology and Industrial Health·P V KiruthigaK Pandima Devi
Jul 7, 2009·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Ya-Ni HuangJia-Yi Wang

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