Assessing nerves in leprosy

Clinics in Dermatology
José A GarbinoWilson Marques

Abstract

Leprosy neuropathy is dependent on the patient's immune response and expresses itself as a focal or multifocal neuropathy with asymmetric involvement. Leprosy neuropathy evolves chronically but recurrently develops periods of exacerbation during type 1 or type 2 reactions, leading to acute neuropathy. Nerve enlargement leading to entrapment syndromes is also a common manifestation. Pain may be either of inflammatory or neuropathic origin. A thorough and detailed evaluation is mandatory for adequate patient follow-up, including nerve palpation, pain assessment, graded sensory mapping, muscle power testing, and autonomic evaluation. Nerve conduction studies are a sensitive tool for nerve dysfunction, including new lesions during reaction periods or development of entrapment syndromes. Nerve ultrasonography is also a very promising method for nerve evaluation in leprosy. The authors propose a composite nerve clinical score for nerve function assessment that can be useful for longitudinal evaluation.

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Citations

Jan 17, 2016·Clinics in Dermatology·Andrzej Grzybowski, Marcos Virmond
Jul 28, 2018·Pathogens and Disease·Héctor Serrano-CollNora Cardona-Castro
Mar 15, 2019·PloS One·Marlice Fernandes de OliveiraIsabela Maria Bernardes Goulart
May 16, 2019·International Journal of Experimental Pathology·Mariane Bertolucci CasalenovoMaria Renata Sales Nogueira
Apr 2, 2020·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·Mayra B C MaymoneCory A Dunnick
Aug 25, 2021·BMC Infectious Diseases·Louise Mara GieselMarcia Rodrigues Jardim
Sep 24, 2021·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Liliane Marques de Pinho TiagoIsabela Maria Bernardes Goulart

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