Assessment of azoospermia and histological evaluation of spermatogenesis

Annales de pathologie
Geoffroy RobinValérie Mitchell

Abstract

Azoospermia may be obstructive (blockage of the genital ducts) or non-obstructive (a lack of testicular production). The distinction is based on an ensemble of clinical, spermiological, hormonal, ultrasound, genetic and histological data. Azoospermia is the main indication for testicular biopsy for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Testicular spermatozoids are processed in the reproductive biology laboratory (simultaneously with oocyte retrieval or not) for in vitro fertilization with intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection. The histological study of spermatogenesis is usually performed on a testicular biopsy sample taken at the same time and provides additional diagnostic information on infertility. Histological alterations in the testicular tissues are frequently observed in azoospermic men. In non-obstructive azoospermia, three histological situations prevail: hypospermatogenesis, Sertoli-cell-only syndrome and germ cell arrest. One can distinguish between pure forms (in which all the seminiferous tubules have the same appearance) and mixed forms (in which the tubules' aspects are heterogeneous). Hypospermatogenesis is highly prevalent in azoospermia and is characterized by a low, basal level of spermatozoid production. The pre...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 31, 2018·Andrologia·Anne-Laure BarbotinValerie Mitchell
Sep 3, 2013·Andrology·F FerfouriF Vialard
Apr 27, 2019·Basic and Clinical Andrology·Farah GhiehFrançois Vialard
Mar 19, 2019·Asian Journal of Andrology·Anne-Laure BarbotinGeoffroy Robin

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