Abstract
The chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of Nifurtimox (NFX), a 5-nitrofuran derivative used in the treatment of American trypanosomiasis, were studied in male and female Wistar rats in an accelerated cancer bioassay (ACB). The ACB is a mechanistic initiation/promotion chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity bioassay designed to assess potential carcinogenic activity of a test substance in critical organs and tissues of rodents in which human carcinogens are active. The organs studied were liver, lungs, urinary bladder (UB), mammary gland (MG), bone marrow, spleen, kidneys, colon, stomach and any grossly observed lesions. NFX is a genotoxin which has been reported previously to exert a variable degree of carcinogenic activity in rat liver, kidney, UB and MG. The present study was undertaken to assess whether NFX has initiating activity in these four named target sites. In the initiation phase, groups of 20 Wistar rats were given NFX daily in the diet at 0.2% for the first 12 weeks of the study to assess initiating activity, followed by promoters (PROs) for four organs for an additional 24 weeks. NFX was compared to the following known initiators (INs) for each of these four tissues: diethylnitrosamine (DEN) for liver and kidney, N...Continue Reading
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