Assessment of human exposure to triclocarban, triclosan and five parabens in U.S. indoor dust using dispersive solid phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Journal of Hazardous Materials
Jing ChenRolf U Halden

Abstract

Antimicrobials in indoor dust pose concerns due to their endocrine disrupting activities and potential promotion of antibiotic resistance. We adopted dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to quantify antimicrobials in dust. The method showed favorable linearity (R2 >0.99), recovery (83-115%), and method detection limits (1.2-5.6 ng/g, dry weight). All seven analytes were found at median concentrations in ng/g in each of the 80 U.S. dust samples collected from athletic facilities and residential homes: methyl paraben (1920) > propyl paraben (965) > triclosan (390) > triclocarban (270) > ethyl paraben (195) > butyl paraben (80) > benzyl paraben (6). Triclosan levels in dust from athletic facilities were significantly higher than those in private homes (p < 0.05). Median estimated daily intake (EDI) of antimicrobials in ng/kg-body weight/d from dust ingestion was lowest for adults (1.9) and higher for more sensitive subpopulations, including infants (19.8), toddlers (23.6), children (11.8) and teenagers (4.6). This first application of d-SPE to the analysis of dust produced U.S. baseline data for triclosan and triclocarban levels in indoor dust just prior to the 201...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 24, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Emad K RadwanMohamed Farouk
Jun 6, 2020·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·Suramya WaidyanathaTimothy R Fennell
Oct 9, 2019·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Sarah Ben MaamarErica M Hartmann
Jan 24, 2021·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Alexander G McFarlandErica M Hartmann
May 26, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Fang WeiLiang-Hong Guo
Jun 21, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Nathaniel B BolujokoOlumide D Olukanni
Jun 22, 2021·Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering·Xueyan ChenWenbo Li
Jul 30, 2021·Environmental Research·Hossein ArfaeiniaZahra Asadgol
Sep 4, 2021·Environmental Pollution·Haozheng HeShanquan Wang
Oct 8, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Siti Nor Hidayah ArifinDai-Viet Vo

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