Assessment of lower extremity muscle mass, muscle strength, and exercise therapy in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
Takuo NomuraYukio Ikeda

Abstract

The increase in the proportion of elderly people in the population is one of the most remarkable sociodemographic phenomena of the twenty-first century. The number of patients with diabetes is also increasing worldwide with this demographic change. Given these facts, consideration of the problems the general elderly population is facing in the management of diabetes is essential. In this review article, we focus on sarcopenia, which is the decrease in lower extremity muscle mass and muscle strength accompanying aging, describe the relationship between sarcopenia and diabetes, and highlight the specific factors through which diabetes contributes to loss of muscle strength. The quantitative methods for evaluating lower extremity muscle strength will also be described. These methods hold the key to assessing the effectiveness of exercise therapy and optimizing the assessment of the degree of autonomy in the activities of daily living. Exercise is one of the basic treatments for type 2 diabetes and may also prevent and improve sarcopenia. This review discusses the aspects common to the two health conditions and elucidates the effectiveness and necessity of exercise as a preventive measure against diabetes among the elderly.

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Citations

Apr 25, 2019·Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine·Rei OtsukaHiroshi Shimokata
Sep 10, 2019·Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine·Ratchanok KraiwongPetra von Heideken Wågert
Jan 10, 2019·Journal of Diabetes Research·Birgit L M Van EetveldePatrick Calders
Sep 6, 2020·Journal of Orthopaedic Science : Official Journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association·Tetsuro OhbaHirotaka Haro

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray

Software Mentioned

std
MUSCLE

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