Association between breastfeeding and intelligence, educational attainment, and income at 30 years of age: a prospective birth cohort study from Brazil.

The Lancet Global Health
Cesar G VictoraFernando C Barros

Abstract

Breastfeeding has clear short-term benefits, but its long-term consequences on human capital are yet to be established. We aimed to assess whether breastfeeding duration was associated with intelligence quotient (IQ), years of schooling, and income at the age of 30 years, in a setting where no strong social patterning of breastfeeding exists. A prospective, population-based birth cohort study of neonates was launched in 1982 in Pelotas, Brazil. Information about breastfeeding was recorded in early childhood. At 30 years of age, we studied the IQ (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 3rd version), educational attainment, and income of the participants. For the analyses, we used multiple linear regression with adjustment for ten confounding variables and the G-formula. From June 4, 2012, to Feb 28, 2013, of the 5914 neonates enrolled, information about IQ and breastfeeding duration was available for 3493 participants. In the crude and adjusted analyses, the durations of total breastfeeding and predominant breastfeeding (breastfeeding as the main form of nutrition with some other foods) were positively associated with IQ, educational attainment, and income. We identified dose-response associations with breastfeeding duration for IQ ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 13, 2016·Lancet·Cesar G VictoraUNKNOWN Lancet Breastfeeding Series Group
Mar 22, 2015·The Lancet Global Health·Erik Lykke Mortensen
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Aug 16, 2015·The Lancet Global Health·Colin Cooper
Aug 16, 2015·The Lancet Global Health·Zeljka Buturovic, Suzana Ignjatovic
Aug 16, 2015·The Lancet Global Health·Ossie Ferdinand Uzoigwe
Aug 16, 2015·The Lancet Global Health·Bernardo Lessa Horta, Cesar G Victora
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