Abstract
Tobacco smoke contains various toxic heavy metals that individuals are exposed to when they smoke. Despite the presence of heavy metals in tobacco smoke, the relationship between smoking and the accumulation of toxic metals in pregnant women after long-term exposure remains under discussion. We examined the association between long-term exposure to tobacco smoke and the accumulation of toxic metals in the hair of female participants. Our study recruited 252 women from the Shanxi and Hebei provinces of Northern China; these participants were self-reported non-active smokers, and had previously delivered healthy babies without birth defects. Scalp hair was collected and analyzed for nicotine and cotinine and five potentially toxic metals (specifically, silver, chromium, cadmium, mercury, and lead). Our results showed significant positive correlations between cotinine and four metals, including silver (r = 0.369, p < 0.001), cadmium (r = 0.185, p < 0.01), mercury (r = 0.161, p < 0.05), and lead (r = 0.243, p < 0.001). Significant positive correlations were also found between nicotine and three metals-specifically silver (r = 0.331, p < 0.001), cadmium (r = 0.176, p < 0.01), and lead (r = 0.316, p < 0.001). A logistic regression mo...Continue Reading
References
Jan 1, 1996·Epidemiologic Reviews·N L Benowitz
Mar 13, 1998·The Science of the Total Environment·B Nowak
Jul 24, 1998·Biological Trace Element Research·B Nowak, H Kozłowski
Aug 27, 1998·The Science of the Total Environment·N MiekeleyC L da Silveira
May 20, 1999·Human & Experimental Toxicology·J Klein, G Koren
Nov 4, 2000·The Science of the Total Environment·I Rodushkin, M D Axelsson
Apr 8, 2003·Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology·Simona PichiniJordi Sunyer
Jun 3, 2004·The Science of the Total Environment·R PereiraF Gonçalves
Nov 9, 2005·Annals of Epidemiology·Wieslaw JedrychowskiFrederica Perera
Sep 12, 2006·Clinical Biochemistry·Tülin Ayşe OzdenGünay Saner
Sep 22, 2007·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·J A McElroyP A Newcomb
Apr 7, 2009·Environmental Pollution·Thanh WangGuibin Jiang
Sep 25, 2009·Biological Trace Element Research·Neslihan Doğan-Sağlamtimur, Halil Kumbur
Dec 30, 2009·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Kristin B AshfordRebecca Collins
Feb 2, 2010·Toxicology Letters·André ConradMarike Kolossa-Gehring
Feb 16, 2010·Journal of Separation Science·Guilherme Oliveira PetersenFlavia Valladão Thiesen
Apr 10, 2010·Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine·Julia J Wirth, Renée S Mijal
Aug 10, 2010·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering·Sayaka ShiraiYoshifumi Mizumoto
Oct 22, 2010·Tobacco Control·Richard J O'ConnorGeoffrey T Fong
Mar 9, 2011·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·Constantine I VardavasManolis Kogevinas
Feb 11, 2012·Biological Trace Element Research·Muhittin A SerdarOsman Aykut
Jul 31, 2013·Environmental Research·A L HinwoodJ Ø Odland
Oct 18, 2013·Biological Trace Element Research·Binggan WeiXianjie Jia
May 31, 2014·Chemosphere·Hong SunYan Xu
Aug 29, 2014·PloS One·Sophia Siu Chee ChanTai Hing Lam
Oct 23, 2014·Tobacco Control·Richard J O'ConnorGeoffrey T Fong
Apr 4, 2015·The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians·Arzu DursunGoksel Koc Morgil
Apr 18, 2015·The Journal of Pediatrics·Samrat YeramaneniErin N Haynes
Aug 11, 2015·Journal of Hypertension·Nan LiRongwei Ye
Dec 17, 2015·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Beatrice BoccaRoberto Madeddu
Jan 9, 2016·Reproductive Toxicology·Xi JinJun Zhu
Jul 13, 2016·BMC Public Health·Jeonghoon Kim, Kiyoung Lee
Aug 23, 2016·PloS One·Marta WrześniakHalina Milnerowicz
Sep 24, 2016·Environmental Pollution·Zhenjiang LiAiguo Ren
Dec 13, 2016·The Science of the Total Environment·Yanxin YuZhiwen Li
Jan 4, 2017·Environmental Pollution·Zhenjiang LiBin Wang
Jun 25, 2017·Environmental Pollution·Sha HuangShunqing Xu
Aug 3, 2017·World Neurosurgery·Xin FengAihua Liu