Association between vitamin D, antimicrobial peptides and urinary tract infection in infants and young children

Acta Paediatrica
V GeorgievaM Chromek

Abstract

Vitamin D stimulates production of the endogenous antimicrobial peptides cathelicidin and β-defensin-2, which are expressed in the urinary tract. We investigated vitamin D status and levels of cathelicidin and β-defensin-2 and their association with urinary tract infection (UTI). The study included 120 children under three years of age: 76 children with UTIs and 44 otherwise healthy children with congenital hydronephrosis. Serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol levels were measured by direct competitive electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay, and plasma cathelicidin and β-defensin-2 concentrations were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are prevalent in young children (21%). Serum vitamin D levels negatively correlated with age and were significantly lower in girls. Levels of vitamin D positively correlated with levels of cathelicidin but not with β-defensin-2. Low concentrations of vitamin D were associated with UTIs in girls, but we did not see any correlation with the recurrence of infection at one-year follow-up. Vitamin D deficiency is common and may prove to be a risk factor for UTIs especially in girls. We hypothesise that adequate supplementation with vitamin D ma...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 4, 2020·Paediatrics and International Child Health·Hashem MahmoudzadehMorteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
Feb 28, 2020·Obesity Surgery·Sabrina CruzAndréa Ramalho
Nov 8, 2018·Nutrients·Francesca SassiPatrizia D'Amelio
Oct 30, 2020·Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society·Serra Sürmeli Döven, Semra Erdoğan
Mar 4, 2021·Pediatric Pulmonology·Maria PapadakiAlexandra Soldatou
Aug 13, 2021·New Microbes and New Infections·M SadeghzadehL Faghfouri

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