Association of preterm birth with ADHD-like cognitive impairments and additional subtle impairments in attention and arousal malleability.

Psychological Medicine
S-N JamesJ Kuntsi

Abstract

Whilst preterm-born individuals have an increased risk of developing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and are reported to have ADHD-like attention and arousal impairments, direct group comparisons are scarce. We directly compared preterm-born adolescents (n = 186) to term-born adolescents with ADHD (n = 69), and term-born controls (n = 135), aged 11-23, on cognitive-performance, event-related potential and skin conductance level (SCL) measures associated with attention and arousal. The measures are from baseline and fast-incentive conditions of a four-choice reaction time task, previously shown to discriminate between the individuals with ADHD and controls. We aimed to establish whether preterm-born adolescents show: (a) identical cognitive-neurophysiological impairments to term-born adolescents with ADHD (b) possible additional impairments, and whether (c) the observed impairments correlate with ADHD symptom scores. The preterm group, like the term-born ADHD group, showed increased mean reaction time (MRT) and reaction time variability (RTV) in the baseline condition, and attenuated contingent negative variation (CNV) amplitude (response preparation) in the fast-incentive condition. The preterm group, only, did...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 13, 2019·Journal of Attention Disorders·Nicoletta AdamoJonna Kuntsi
Jun 20, 2020·Neuropediatrics·Renate DrechslerSusanne Walitza
Dec 3, 2020·Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy·Bárbara Calil LacerdaFlávia Wagner

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