Associations of stunting at 2 years with body composition and blood pressure at 8 years of age: longitudinal cohort analysis from lowland Nepal

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Jonathan C K WellsDavid Osrin

Abstract

Stunting remains a very common form of child malnutrition worldwide, particularly in South Asian populations. There is poor understanding of how it develops and how it is associated with subsequent phenotype. We used data from a longitudinal cohort of children (n = 841) in lowland Nepal to investigate associations of stunting at 2 years with maternal traits and early growth patterns, and with body size and composition, kidney dimensions by ultrasound, lung function by spirometry and blood pressure (BP) at 8 years. Compared to non-stunted children, children stunted at 2 years came from poorer families and had shorter, lighter mothers. They tended to have higher birth order, were born smaller, and remained shorter, lighter and thinner at 8 years. They had lower leg length, lean and fat masses, smaller kidneys, and reduced lung function (all p < 0.0001). These differences persisted with smaller magnitude after adjusting for current height, maternal height and education, family assets and birth order. Stunting was not associated with BP. Stunting developed on an inter-generational timescale in this population and its risk increased with birth order. At 8 years, children stunted at 2 years had deficits in tissue masses and some aspe...Continue Reading

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