Astaxanthin Counteracts Vascular Calcification In Vitro Through an Early Up-Regulation of SOD2 Based on a Transcriptomic Approach

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Chia-Ter ChaoHuei-Wen Chen

Abstract

Vascular calcification (VC) is a critical contributor to the rising cardiovascular risk among at-risk populations such as those with diabetes or renal failure. The pathogenesis of VC involves an uprising of oxidative stress, for which antioxidants can be theoretically effective. However, astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant, has not been tested before for the purpose of managing VC. To answer this question, we tested the efficacy of astaxanthin against VC using the high phosphate (HP)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification model. RNAs from treated groups underwent Affymetrix microarray screening, with intra-group consistency and inter-group differential expressions identified. Candidate hub genes were selected, followed by validation in experimental models and functional characterization. We showed that HP induced progressive calcification among treated VSMCs, while astaxanthin dose-responsively and time-dependently ameliorated calcification severities. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that 3491 genes exhibited significant early changes during VC progression, among which 26 potential hub genes were selected based on closeness ranking and biologic plausibility. SOD2 was validated in the VSMC model, shown to drive...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jan 7, 2021·Toxins·Nikolaos C KyriakidisPeter Stenvinkel
Apr 23, 2021·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Chu-Ting HuChi Zhang
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Chia-Ter Chao, Shih-Hua Lin

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Software Mentioned

affy
Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes / Proteins ...
clusterProfiler R package
R software

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