Astrocytes Modulate Baroreflex Sensitivity at the Level of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
S. MastitskayaPatrick S. Hosford

Abstract

Maintenance of cardiorespiratory homeostasis depends on autonomic reflexes controlled by neuronal circuits of the brainstem. The neurophysiology and neuroanatomy of these reflex pathways are well understood, however, the mechanisms and functional significance of autonomic circuit modulation by glial cells remain largely unknown. In the experiments conducted in male laboratory rats we show that astrocytes of the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), the brain area that receives and integrates sensory information from the heart and blood vessels, respond to incoming afferent inputs with [Ca2+]i elevations. Astroglial [Ca2+]i responses are triggered by transmitters released by vagal afferents, glutamate acting at AMPA receptors and 5-HT acting at 5-HT2A receptors. In conscious freely behaving animals blockade of Ca2+-dependent vesicular release mechanisms in NTS astrocytes by virally driven expression of a dominant-negative SNARE protein (dnSNARE) increased baroreflex sensitivity by 70% (p < 0.001). This effect of compromised astroglial function was specific to the NTS as expression of dnSNARE in astrocytes of the ventrolateral brainstem had no effect. ATP is considered the principle gliotransmitter and is released by vesicular mec...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 18, 2020·European Neuropsychopharmacology : the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Fenghua ChenGregers Wegener
Nov 21, 2020·Brain Stimulation·Lindsea C BoothAlexander V Gourine
Jan 14, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Diana Martinez, David D Kline
Aug 4, 2021·Advanced Healthcare Materials·Cara T MotzCheng Zhu

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