Asymmetry in the jet opening: underwater jet vectoring mechanism by dragonfly larvae

Bioinspiration & Biomimetics
Chris Roh, Morteza Gharib

Abstract

Aquatic Anisopteran dragonfly larvae achieve respiration and propulsion by repetitive water jets flowing through their anal openings. Previous studies have shown that the tri-leaflet anal valves modulate the emerging jet by varying the opening size. We discovered that the valves are also capable of controlling the opening asymmetry by independent retraction of a leaflet. This study shows the effects of their valve asymmetry control on the respiratory and propulsive flows. Furthermore, the effects of size variation are re-evaluated using fluid momentum and power equations. Synchronized dual cameras recorded the valve movement and the flow generated by Aeshnidae sp. During the respiratory jetting, retraction of a single leaflet positions the opening in an off-centred locale, from which diagonally deflected jets emerge. The resulting flow field, together with the opening size modulation, implicates a reduction in the reinhalation of the exhaled jet and partial powering of the refilling process. Instead, during the propulsive jetting, concurrent partial retraction of the three leaflets results in the centred opening. The resulting jet flows straight, which has an implication for lowering form drag. Additionally, the propulsive aper...Continue Reading

References

May 20, 2006·The Journal of Experimental Biology·John O DabiriJohn H Costello
Aug 31, 2006·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Byron D Erath, Michael W Plesniak
Feb 25, 2009·Circulation·Philippe Pibarot, Jean G Dumesnil
Feb 7, 2014·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Danna J StaafMark W Denny
Aug 21, 2014·The New England Journal of Medicine·Catherine M Otto, Bernard Prendergast
Oct 30, 2015·Bioinspiration & Biomimetics·Michael KriegKamran Mohseni

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Citations

Mar 11, 2020·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Michael Krieg, Kamran Mohseni

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