PMID: 11903798Mar 21, 2002Paper

Atomic force microscopy of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton

Journal of Microscopy
A H SwihartR C Macdonald

Abstract

The atomic force microscope was used to examine the cytoplasmic surface of untreated as well as fixed human erythrocyte membranes that had been continuously maintained under aqueous solutions. To assess the effects of drying, some membranes were examined in air. Erythrocytes attached to mica or glass were sheared open with a stream of isotonic buffer, which allowed access to the cytoplasmic membrane face without exposing cells to non-physiological ionic strength solutions. Under these conditions of examination, the unfixed cytoplasmic membrane face revealed an irregular meshwork that appeared to be a mixture largely of triangular and rectilinear openings with mesh sizes that varied from 35 to 100 nm, although few were at the upper limit. Fixed ghosts were similar, but slightly more contracted. These features represent the membrane skeleton, as when the ghosts were treated to extract spectrin and actin, these meshworks were largely removed. Direct measurements of the thickness of the membrane skeleton and of the lateral dimensions of features in the images suggested that, especially when air dried, spectrin can cluster into large, quite regularly distributed aggregates. Aggregation of cytoskeletal components was also favoured wh...Continue Reading

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