Atoms of recognition in human and computer vision

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Shimon UllmanDaniel Harari

Abstract

Discovering the visual features and representations used by the brain to recognize objects is a central problem in the study of vision. Recently, neural network models of visual object recognition, including biological and deep network models, have shown remarkable progress and have begun to rival human performance in some challenging tasks. These models are trained on image examples and learn to extract features and representations and to use them for categorization. It remains unclear, however, whether the representations and learning processes discovered by current models are similar to those used by the human visual system. Here we show, by introducing and using minimal recognizable images, that the human visual system uses features and processes that are not used by current models and that are critical for recognition. We found by psychophysical studies that at the level of minimal recognizable images a minute change in the image can have a drastic effect on recognition, thus identifying features that are critical for the task. Simulations then showed that current models cannot explain this sensitivity to precise feature configurations and, more generally, do not learn to recognize minimal images at a human level. The role...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 13, 2017·Microscopy Research and Technique·Dmitry O Shvedchenko, Elena I Suvorova
Dec 7, 2018·Journal of Vision·Najib J Majaj, Denis G Pelli
Jun 19, 2019·Nature Human Behaviour·Jiayu ZhanPhilippe G Schyns
Aug 9, 2019·Annual Review of Vision Science·Thomas Serre
Jan 31, 2020·Scientific Reports·Yena HanTomaso Poggio
Mar 14, 2019·Attention, Perception & Psychophysics·Irene Reppa, E Charles Leek
Sep 12, 2019·Journal of Vision·Martin ArguinE Charles Leek
Jun 30, 2019·Scientific Reports·Vladislav Ayzenberg, Stella F Lourenco
Apr 13, 2019·Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application·Robert E KassMark A Kramer
May 7, 2019·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Yael HolzingerGalia Avidan
Apr 19, 2020·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Timothy P LillicrapGeoffrey Hinton
Jun 29, 2018·Interface Focus·Guy Ben-Yosef, Shimon Ullman
Aug 9, 2018·Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience·Liron Z GruberMichal Irani
Mar 23, 2019·Nature Communications·Shi Tong LiuSrivatsun Sadagopan
Aug 29, 2020·Translational Vision Science & Technology·Francisco M Costela, Russell L Woods
Nov 18, 2020·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Andrew SaxeChristopher Summerfield
Mar 17, 2021·Journal of Vision·Christina M FunkeMatthias Bethge
Oct 15, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Chaz Firestone
Apr 14, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Mathias Sablé-MeyerStanislas Dehaene
Aug 22, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Liron Zipora GruberEhud Ahissar

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