Atrial Fibrillation in Hematologic Malignancies, Especially After Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Review of Risk Factors, Current Management, and Future Directions

Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia
Pankaj MathurFrits van Rhee

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition to well-established risk factors, cancer has been increasingly associated with the development of AF. Its increased occurrence in those with hematologic malignancies has been attributed to chemotherapeutic agents and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). Recently, a few studies have attempted to define the etiopathogenesis of AF in hematologic malignancies. The management of AF in these patients is challenging because of the concurrent complicating factors, such as thrombocytopenia, orthostatic hypotension, and cardiac amyloidosis. More studies are needed to define the management of AF, especially rate versus rhythm control and anticoagulation. Arrhythmias, in particular, AF, have been associated with an increased length of stay, increased intensive care unit admissions, and greater cardiovascular mortality. In the present review, we describe AF in patients with hematologic malignancies, the risk factors, especially after AHSCT, and the current management of AF.

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Citations

Nov 23, 2017·Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy·Pankaj MathurJawahar L Mehta
Jan 9, 2021·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Ellen K ChangSaro H Armenian
Jul 17, 2019·Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation : Journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation·Eleni GavriilakiAchilles Anagnostopoulos
Feb 2, 2021·Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis·Nir LivnehAvi Leader
May 4, 2021·Current Treatment Options in Oncology·Teresa López-FernándezKarem Humala Barbier
Jun 3, 2021·Clinical Science·Sailaja KamarajuSherry-Ann Brown

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