Attention Determines Contextual Enhancement versus Suppression in Human Primary Visual Cortex

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
Anastasia V Flevaris, Scott O Murray

Abstract

Neural responses in primary visual cortex (V1) depend on stimulus context in seemingly complex ways. For example, responses to an oriented stimulus can be suppressed when it is flanked by iso-oriented versus orthogonally oriented stimuli but can also be enhanced when attention is directed to iso-oriented versus orthogonal flanking stimuli. Thus the exact same contextual stimulus arrangement can have completely opposite effects on neural responses-in some cases leading to orientation-tuned suppression and in other cases leading to orientation-tuned enhancement. Here we show that stimulus-based suppression and enhancement of fMRI responses in humans depends on small changes in the focus of attention and can be explained by a model that combines feature-based attention with response normalization. Neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) respond to stimuli within a restricted portion of the visual field, termed their "receptive field." However, neuronal responses can also be influenced by stimuli that surround a receptive field, although the nature of these contextual interactions and underlying neural mechanisms are debated. Here we show that the response in V1 to a stimulus in the same context can either be suppressed or enhanc...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 7, 2017·Journal of Neurophysiology·Sonia PoltoratskiFrank Tong
Jan 30, 2018·ELife·Michael-Paul SchallmoScott O Murray
Dec 13, 2019·Nature Communications·Ilona M Bloem, Sam Ling
Sep 8, 2017·Journal of Psychopharmacology·Bao N NguyenAllison M McKendrick
May 31, 2020·Nature Communications·Michael-Paul SchallmoScott O Murray
Jul 7, 2020·NeuroImage·Gorkem ErHuseyin Boyaci
Sep 23, 2021·Journal of Neurophysiology·Michaela KlímováSam Ling

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