Attenuated Activation of Homeostatic Glucocorticoid in Keratinocytes Induces Alloknesis via Aberrant Artemin Production

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Akira MatsumotoIchiro Katayama

Abstract

Intense chronic itch significantly reduces quality of life for atopic dermatitis patients, impairing daily activity. Although abnormal itch sensation can be induced by innocuous stimuli, known as alloknesis, the mechanisms driving this process remain obscure. Psychological and environmental stimuli are known to aggravate atopic dermatitis symptoms. Recently, the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (HSD11β1), which is expressed in keratinocytes, has been implicated in maintaining homeostasis against environmental stimuli by activating endogenous glucocorticoids. To investigate the role of HSD11β1 in keratinocytes, we generated keratinocyte-specific Hsd11b1-knockout (Hsd11b1KC-/-) mice and analyzed skin phenotype. Hsd11b1KC-/- mice exhibited abnormal cutaneous innervation and skin sensitivity, including light mechanical stimulus-evoked itch (i.e., alloknesis). Attenuated endogenous glucocorticoid activation induced by aberrant artemin production in keratinocytes was involved in alloknesis in Hsd11b1KC-/- mice. Finally, we observed a significant negative correlation between expression of HSD11β1 and artemin in human skin with and without AD. These results suggest that endogenous glucocorticoids that maintain skin homeostasis...Continue Reading

Citations

May 9, 2019·Experimental Dermatology·Sonja Ständer
Jun 29, 2021·Experimental Dermatology·Nao IchimasuKazumoto Katagiri
Aug 20, 2021·The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology·Eriko KomiyaKenji Takamori

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