Attenuated Bacteria as Immunotherapeutic Tools for Cancer Treatment

Frontiers in Oncology
Suneesh KaimalaBasel K Al-Ramadi

Abstract

The use of attenuated bacteria as cancer therapeutic tools has garnered increasing scientific interest over the past 10 years. This is largely due to the development of bacterial strains that maintain good anti-tumor efficacy, but with reduced potential to cause toxicities to the host. Because of its ability to replicate in viable as well as necrotic tissue, cancer therapy using attenuated strains of facultative anaerobic bacteria, such as Salmonella, has several advantages over standard treatment modalities, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Despite some findings suggesting that it may operate through a direct cytotoxic effect against cancer cells, there is accumulating evidence demonstrating that bacterial therapy acts by modulating cells of the immune system to counter the growth of the tumor. Herein, we review the experimental evidence underlying the success of bacterial immunotherapy against cancer and highlight the cellular and molecular alterations in the peripheral immune system and within the tumor microenvironment that have been reported following different forms of bacterial therapy. Our improved understanding of these mechanisms should greatly aid in the translational application of bacterial therapy to cance...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 1, 2018·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Masoud NajafiKeywan Mortezaee
May 1, 2019·Journal of Applied Microbiology·K JazeelaV K Deekshit
Dec 13, 2019·Experimental & Molecular Medicine·Eun-Kyeong Jo
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Oct 24, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Emile J ClappaertDamya Laoui
Jan 16, 2021·International Journal of Nanomedicine·Haiyan YangJianzhong Zou
Mar 16, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Ding WangLing Zhang
Jul 3, 2021·Cancers·Besan H Al-SaafeenBasel K Al-Ramadi
Aug 10, 2021·ACS Applied Bio Materials·Maya HolayLiangfang Zhang

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