Attenuation of cortisol across development for victims of sexual abuse.

Development and Psychopathology
Penelope K TrickettFrank W Putnam

Abstract

Inconsistencies exist in literature examining hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity in children and adults who have experienced childhood abuse. Hence, the extent and manner to which childhood abuse may disrupt HPA axis development is largely unknown. To address these inconsistencies, the developmental course of nonstress cortisol in a long-term longitudinal study was assessed at six time points from childhood through adolescence and into young adulthood to determine whether childhood abuse results in disrupted cortisol activity. Nonstress, morning cortisol was measured in 84 females with confirmed familial sexual abuse and 89 nonabused, comparison females. Although dynamically controlling for co-occurring depression and anxiety, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) showed that relative to comparison females, the linear trend for abused females was significantly less steep when cortisol was examined across development from age 6 to age 30, t (1, 180) = -2.55, p < .01, indicating attenuation in cortisol activity starting in adolescence with significantly lower levels of cortisol by early adulthood, F (1, 162) = 4.78, p < .01. As a more direct test of the attenuation hypothesis, supplemental HLM analyses of data arraye...Continue Reading

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Mar 2, 2011·European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience·Wiebke GreggersenUlrich Schweiger
Oct 5, 2010·Development and Psychopathology·Fred A RogoschDante Cicchetti
May 1, 2011·Development and Psychopathology·Penelope K TrickettFrank W Putnam
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