Atypical mycobacterial infections in children with cancer

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
Anne F Reilly, Karin L McGowan

Abstract

Atypical mycobacteria are seen more frequently as a cause of serious infection in children with cancer. Thirteen pediatric cancer patients with blood or tissue cultures positive for atypical mycobacteria were identified by review of records over a 5-year period at one center. All had central venous catheters and were lymphopenic at the time of infection. Eleven children had rapidly growing mycobacteria and two children had M. avium-intracellulare. Nine patients had positive blood cultures. Three were treated with catheter removal as sole therapy, five had catheter removal plus antibiotics, and one had antibiotics alone. Two patients with pulmonary M. avium-intracellulare infection received antibiotic therapy alone. It is concluded that infection with rapidly growing mycobacteria in children with cancer is associated with presence of a central venous catheter and lymphopenia. Some children with uncomplicated catheter-associated infection with rapidly growing mycobacteria may be sufficiently treated with removal of the catheter alone.

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Citations

Jun 18, 2011·International Journal of Clinical Oncology·Shih-Hsiang ChenIou-Jih Hung
May 18, 2006·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Mary A De Groote, Gwen Huitt
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Jul 24, 2010·The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal·Yael Shachor-MeyouhasImad Kassis
Jul 31, 2009·Journal of Pediatric Hematology/oncology·Michael C WeiRajni Agarwal
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Sep 26, 2015·Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society·Nopporn ApiwattankulElisabeth E Adderson
Mar 17, 2015·The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine·Elisa López-VarelaBeate Kampmann
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Dec 18, 2020·Frontiers in Medicine·Thomas El JammalPascal Sève

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