Audiovisual speech integration in the superior temporal region is dysfunctional in dyslexia

Neuroscience
Z YeThomas F Münte

Abstract

Dyslexia is an impairment of reading and spelling that affects both children and adults even after many years of schooling. Dyslexic readers have deficits in the integration of auditory and visual inputs but the neural mechanisms of the deficits are still unclear. This fMRI study examined the neural processing of auditorily presented German numbers 0-9 and videos of lip movements of a German native speaker voicing numbers 0-9 in unimodal (auditory or visual) and bimodal (always congruent) conditions in dyslexic readers and their matched fluent readers. We confirmed results of previous studies that the superior temporal gyrus/sulcus plays a critical role in audiovisual speech integration: fluent readers showed greater superior temporal activations for combined audiovisual stimuli than auditory-/visual-only stimuli. Importantly, such an enhancement effect was absent in dyslexic readers. Moreover, the auditory network (bilateral superior temporal regions plus medial PFC) was dynamically modulated during audiovisual integration in fluent, but not in dyslexic readers. These results suggest that superior temporal dysfunction may underly poor audiovisual speech integration in readers with dyslexia.

Citations

Jun 12, 2018·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Cristiano MicheliJochem W Rieger
Nov 5, 2019·Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·Yu WangJinlei Lv
Oct 28, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Fabian-Alexander TietzeGregor R Szycik
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Public Health·Jeremy G GrantAmedeo D'Angiulli
May 14, 2021·Annals of Dyslexia·Desiré CariotiManuela Berlingeri
Jun 12, 2021·Annals of Dyslexia·Martyna A GalazkaJakob Åsberg Johnels

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