Autoantibodies against N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 1 in health and disease

Current Opinion in Neurology
Hannelore Ehrenreich

Abstract

Humoral autoimmunity has gained highest interest in neurology and psychiatry. Despite numerous recent articles on this hot topic, however, the biological significance of natural autoantibodies (AB) and the normal autoimmune repertoire of mammals remained quite obscure. AB may contribute to disorder-relevant phenotypes and are even believed to induce diseases themselves, but the circumstances under which AB become pathogenic are not fully understood. This review will focus on the highly frequent AB against the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDAR1-AB) as an illustrating example and provide a critical overview of current work (please note that the new nomenclature, GluN1, is disregarded here for consistency with the AB literature). In particular, it will demonstrate how little is known at this point and how many conclusions are drawn based on small numbers of individuals, fragmentary experimental approaches or missing controls. NMDAR1-AB were investigated by clinicians world-wide with numerous small studies and case reports appearing yearly. Many publications were on 'anti-NMDAR encephalitis' cases or tried to separate those from other NMDAR1-AB associated conditions. Original exclusivity claims (e.g. electroencephalogram, EEG ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 12, 2020·Brain Sciences·Kimon RungeDominique Endres
Mar 5, 2020·Auto- Immunity Highlights·Renato Tozzoli
Sep 3, 2020·Translational Psychiatry·L L GibsonT A Pollak
Dec 12, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Marie-Eve TremblayAlexei Verkhratsky
Jun 4, 2021·Neuropharmacology·Lonnie P WollmuthLaurent Groc
Nov 10, 2020·Neurobiology of Disease·Daniel HunterLaurent Groc

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