Autoantibody Biomarkers for Basal Ganglia Encephalitis in Sydenham Chorea and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated With Streptococcal Infections

Frontiers in Psychiatry
Jennifer L ChainM W Cunningham

Abstract

Movement, behavioral, and neuropsychiatric disorders in children have been linked to infections and a group of anti-neuronal autoantibodies, implying dopamine receptor-mediated encephalitis within the basal ganglia. The purpose of this study was to determine if anti-neuronal biomarkers, when used as a group, confirmed the acute disease in Sydenham chorea (SC) and pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS). IgG autoantibodies against four neuronal autoantigens (tubulin, lysoganglioside GM1, and dopamine receptors D1 and D2) were detected in SC sera (N=8), sera and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from two groups of PANDAS cases (N=25 first group and N=35 second group), sera from Tourette's syndrome (N=18), obsessive-compulsive disorder (N=25), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (N=18), and healthy controls (N=28) by direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IgG specific for neuronal autoantigens was significantly elevated during the acute symptomatic phase, and the activity of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) pathway was significantly elevated in human neuronal cells. Five assays confirmed the disease in SC and in two groups of children with P...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 21, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Chia-Jui HsuWang-Tso Lee
Apr 20, 2021·Medical Journal, Armed Forces India·Lokesh Saini, Vishal Sondhi
May 7, 2021·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Bettina BalintJosep Dalmau
Jun 1, 2021·Journal of Neural Transmission·Niels HansenUNKNOWN + CAP (Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis in Psychiatry)-Consortium
Aug 7, 2021·Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics·Antonio L TeixeiraHarvey Singer

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
ELISA
Protein Assay
Assay
flow cytometry

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