Autoimmune hypophysitis associated with new anti-cancer immunotherapies

Bulletin du cancer
Arnaud JanninNicolas Penel

Abstract

Recently developed immunotherapeutic agents, like anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 antibody (CTLA4), anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD1) or anti-programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PDL1), have demonstrated substantial potential for the treatment of a variety of malignancies. Autoimmune side effects from these agents are diverse and can include multiple endocrinopathies like immunotherapy induced hypophysitis (IH). These toxicities appear to be more frequent in patients receiving anti-CTLA4 antibody compared to PD1/PDL1 agents. The diagnosis of IH is generally based on the presence of new hypopituitarism without an alternative etiology and radiographic pituitary enlargement or not while on treatment with Immunotherapy. Patients with IH frequently present non-specifics symptoms like headache, fatigue or weakness. ACTH and TSH deficiencies are more frequent. TSH and gonadotrophin deficiencies may be reversible but ACTH deficiency appears permanent. Glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone replacement should be instituted early after the diagnosis of IH, androgen replacement can be deferred initially and discussed by the patient. High-dose glucocorticoid does not improve the outcome of IH and should be reserved for patients with persiste...Continue Reading

Citations

May 3, 2019·International Journal of Endocrinology·Wendong LiuGuimei Li

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis

Apoptosis in Cancer

Apoptosis is an important mechanism in cancer. By evading apoptosis, tumors can continue to grow without regulation and metastasize systemically. Many therapies are evaluating the use of pro-apoptotic activation to eliminate cancer growth. Here is the latest research on apoptosis in cancer.

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer vaccines are vaccines that either treat existing cancer or prevent development of a cancer.

Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur as a result of an attack by the immune system on the body’s own tissues resulting in damage and dysfunction. There are different types of autoimmune diseases, in which there is a complex and unknown interaction between genetics and the environment. Discover the latest research on autoimmune diseases here.

Cardiomegaly

Cardiomegaly, known as an enlarged heart, is a multifactorial disease with different pathophysiological mechanisms. Hypertension, pregnancy, exercise-induced and idiopathic causes are some mechanisms of cardiomegaly. Discover the latest research of cardiomegaly here.

Related Papers

Endocrine-related Cancer
Priscilla CukierAna O Hoff
Journal of the Endocrine Society
Keitaro KanieYutaka Takahashi
Hormones : International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Georgia NtaliMaria Alevizaki
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved