Automated postural responses are modified in a functional manner by instruction

Experimental Brain Research
Vivian WeerdesteynS N Robinovitch

Abstract

The restoration of upright balance after a perturbation relies on highly automated and, to a large extent, stereotyped postural responses. Although these responses occur before voluntary control comes into play, previous research has shown that they can be functionally modulated on the basis of cognitive set (experience, advanced warning, instruction, etc.). It is still unknown, however, how the central nervous system deals with situations in which the postural response is not necessarily helpful in the execution of a task. In the present study, the effects of instruction on automated postural responses in neck, trunk, shoulder, and leg muscles were investigated when people were either instructed to recover balance after being released from an inclined standing posture [balance recovery (BR) trials], or not to recover at all and fall onto a safety mattress in the most comfortable way [fall (F) trials], in both backward and leftward directions. Participants were highly successful in following the instructions, consistently exhibiting stepping responses for balance recovery in BR trials, and suppressing stepping in the F trials. Yet EMG recordings revealed similar postural responses with onset latencies between 70 and 130 ms in b...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 17, 2009·Experimental Brain Research·Silvio Alvarez-BlancoJosep Valls-Solé
Jan 29, 2009·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·K G MunhallI Johnsrude
Oct 12, 2012·Journal of Neurophysiology·Mohsen OmraniStephen H Scott
Feb 18, 2015·Clinical Biomechanics·Neil J ArtzPatricia Dolan
Sep 1, 2015·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·D A E Bolton
Jul 31, 2013·Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology : Official Journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology·Neil J CroninChristopher P Carty
Aug 21, 2013·Human Movement Science·Chantelle D Murnaghan, Stephen N Robinovitch
Oct 21, 2016·Muscle & Nerve·Dimitrios A PatikasAdamantios Arampatzis
Dec 14, 2018·Frontiers in Neurology·Hanneke J R van DuijnhovenVivian Weerdesteyn

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